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NU/J

What Does This Nomenclature Mean?
Strain #:002019
RRID:IMSR_JAX:002019Info
Common Name: nude | Also Known As: athymic nude
The two main defects of mice homozygous for the nude spontaneous mutation (Foxn1nu, formerly Hfh11nu) are abnormal hair growth and defective development of the thymic epithelium. Nude mice are also athymic; homozygous nude mice lack T cells and suffer from a lack of cell-mediated immunity. Homozygous nude mice show partial defect in B cell development.

For a hairless mouse without severe immunodeficiency, we offer mice carrying the hairless allele (Hrhr) as Stock No. 017840.
Important Note: This strain is segregating for Foxn1nu.
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How it's Made

Strain Highlights
Strain Type
Inbred Strain
Strain Type
Spontaneous Mutation
Originating Article
Originating Article
Info When using the nude mouse strain in a publication, please include JAX stock #002019 in your Materials and Methods section.

Detailed Description
The two main defects of mice homozygous for the nude spontaneous mutation (Foxn1nu, formerly Hfh11nu) are abnormal hair growth and defective development of the thymic epithelium. Although the mice appear hairless, they are born with functional but faulty hair growth follicles. Hair growth cycles and patterns are evident especially in pigmented mice but the faulty follicles do not allow the hair to properly erupt. Homozygous pups can be identified as young as 24 hours by their lack of whiskers or poorly developed, crinkled whiskers. Nude mice are also athymic caused by a developmental failure of the thymic anlage. Consequently, homozygous nude mice lack T cells and suffer from a lack of cell-mediated immunity. However there is not a defect in T-cell precursors, and under the right conditions some functional mature T cells can be found especially in adult mice. Because of a defect in helper T-cell activity, responses to thymus-dependent antigens when detectable are primarily limited to IgM. Homozygous nude mice show partial defect in B cell development probably due to absence of functional T cells. Other endocrine and neurological deficiencies have been reported. The use of nude mice has reduced the number of thymectomy procedures required in research projects. Homozygous nude females are not effective breeders. Ovulation starts late at 2.5 months and ends early at 4 months.

View Flow Cytometry Characterization Data for Immunodeficient JAX Strains

Learn more about the utility of nude mice and get tips for working with them in the JAX blog.

Development
The nude mutation was first recorded by Dr. N.R. Grist at the Virus Laboratory, Ruchill Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland. The mutation arose in a mouse stock that was closed but not inbred. In 1975, The Jackson Laboratory imported the nude mutation from the NIH on an outbred stock. As of 2008, the strain has been inbred for at least 100 generations.

Genetics
Genetic Background
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Generation
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Allele Symbol Foxn1nu ExternalLink
Allele Name
nude
Gene Symbol
Foxn1
Allele Type
Spontaneous
Gene Name
forkhead box N1
Gene Synonym(s)
D11Bhm185e,FKHL20,Hfh11, ... D11Bhm185e, FKHL20, Hfh11, Rnu, RONU, TIDAND, TLIND, whn,
Site of Expression
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Expressed Gene(s)
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Strain of Origin
albino stock
Chromosome
11
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How it's Used

Disease Terms


Phenotype
Phenotypic Considerations & Best Practices Info
behavior/neurological phenotype
cardiovascular system phenotype
cellular phenotype
embryo phenotype
endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
growth/size/body region phenotype
hematopoietic system phenotype
homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
immune system phenotype
integument phenotype
liver/biliary system phenotype
mortality/aging
muscle phenotype
neoplasm
pigmentation phenotype
reproductive system phenotype
skeleton phenotype
vision/eye phenotype


References
2004
Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse.
Petkov PM , et al.
PubMed:15081119
MGI:J:89298
Genomics 83(5):902-11

2000
Unified nomenclature for the winged helix/forkhead transcription factors.
Kaestner KH , et al.
PubMed:10702024
MGI:J:59917
Genes Dev 14(2):142-6

1998
Genetic typing of the mouse and rat nude mutations by PCR and restriction enzyme analysis.
Hirasawa T , et al.
PubMed:9498115
MGI:J:46550
Exp Anim 47(1):63-7

1995
The ability of B cells to participate in allogeneic cognate T-B cell interactions in vitro depends on the presence of CD4+ T cells during their development.
Gonzalez M , et al.
PubMed:7636182
MGI:J:109914
J Immunol 155(3):1091-100

1995
The nude mutation results in impaired primary antibody repertoire.
Kaushik A , et al.
PubMed:7875225
MGI:J:23271
Eur J Immunol 25(2):631-634

1995
Positional cloning of the nude locus: genetic, physical, and transcription maps of the region and mutations in the mouse and rat.
Segre JA , et al.
PubMed:7490093
MGI:J:28409
Genomics 28(3):549-59

1994
New member of the winged-helix protein family disrupted in mouse and rat nude mutations.
Nehls M , et al.
PubMed:7969402
MGI:J:21194
Nature 372(6501):103-7

1980
Development of thymus, parathyroids, and ultimo-branchial bodies in NMRI and nude mice.
Cordier AC , et al.
PubMed:7405870
MGI:J:6363
Am J Anat 157(3):227-63

1976
Hair growth cycles and wave patterns in 'nude' mice.
Eaton GJ , et al.
PubMed:788248
MGI:J:109965
Transplantation 22(3):217-22

1968
Absence of thymus in a mouse mutant.
Pantelouris EM , et al.
PubMed:5639157
MGI:J:5059
Nature 217(126):370-1

1966
'Nude', a new hairless gene with pleiotropic effects in the mouse.
Flanagan SP , et al.
PubMed:5980117
MGI:J:5043
Genet Res 8(3):295-309

When using the nude mouse strain in a publication, please include JAX stock #002019 in your Materials and Methods section.

Husbandry

Genotyping Protocols

Animal Health Reports

Breeding Strategy
Heterozygote x Homozygote

Appearance
Details

albino, without hair
Related Genotype: A/A Tyrc/Tyrc Foxn1nu/Foxn1nu

albino, with hair
Related Genotype: A/A Tyrc/Tyrc Foxn1nu/+